Public Interest Litigation (PIL) refers to a legal mechanism that empowers citizens and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to seek judicial intervention in matters concerning the public interest.
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PIL allows individuals or groups to directly approach the court to address issues that may not directly affect them but have broader societal implications.
A defining characteristic of PIL is its wide scope, encompassing various concerns such as environmental protection, corruption, human rights violations, and governmental accountability. Its primary objective is to safeguard the rights and interests of marginalized and disadvantaged sections of society.
One of PIL’s notable features is its inclusivity, enabling any concerned citizen to file a petition on behalf of others who lack the means or access to approach the court themselves. This empowers the judiciary to address systemic issues and protect public interests beyond individual cases.
PIL has played a pivotal role in promoting social justice and accountability in numerous countries, including India. It has expanded the judiciary’s authority and ensured access to justice for marginalized communities.