The Quaternary period is the most recent geological time period, spanning from about 2.6 million years ago to the present day. The period is characterized by a series of glacial and interglacial cycles, with the most recent glaciation ending around 10,000 years ago. The Quaternary period is divided into two epochs: the Pleistocene and the Holocene. The Pleistocene epoch is marked by the repeated advance and retreat of large ice sheets, while the Holocene epoch is characterized by a relatively stable and warm climate that has allowed for the development of agriculture and the growth of human civilizations. The period is also marked by the appearance and evolution of several important human ancestors, including Homo erectus, Neanderthals, and Homo sapiens. The study of the Quaternary period provides valuable information about past climate change, landscape evolution, and the development of human societies. It also offers insights into the ways in which natural systems, such as climate, have influenced the evolution and distribution of life on Earth.
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