The structural-functional approach is a sociological perspective that views society as a intricate system consisting of interconnected elements that collaborate to uphold social balance.
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It explores how various social institutions and structures function to fulfill specific roles and contribute to overall social stability.
According to this approach, society is viewed as a system with interdependent parts, each serving a distinct function. Social institutions such as the family, education, economy, and politics are regarded as essential for the smooth functioning of society. They are believed to possess specific functions and contribute to the general well-being and cohesion of the social system.
The structural-functional approach underscores the significance of social order, stability, and consensus in sustaining social harmony. It assumes that social institutions and structures exist because they serve a purpose and fulfill necessary functions within society. However, critics argue that this perspective tends to overlook social conflict, power dynamics, and social change, primarily focusing on maintaining the status quo and social order.