The elite model of the policy process is a theoretical framework that focuses on the significant influence of a small group of influential individuals, commonly known as elites, in shaping and determining public policies.
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This model suggests that policy decisions primarily arise from the actions and decisions of experts, bureaucrats, politicians, and leaders of interest groups. These elites possess the necessary knowledge, resources, and power to exert control over the policy-making process
According to the elite model, policy formation follows a top-down approach where a select group of elites play a crucial role in agenda-setting, policy formulation, and implementation. They often have strong affiliations with powerful entities such as corporations, government institutions, and political parties, further consolidating their influence.
Critics argue that the elite model neglects the broader societal factors and the involvement of ordinary citizens in policy-making. They assert that policy outcomes are more intricate and subject to the influence of various actors and forces. Additionally, the model assumes a unified and homogeneous elite, disregarding the diverse perspectives and conflicting interests that may exist within this group.
Nevertheless, the elite model of the policy process offers valuable insights into power concentration and the role of influential actors in shaping public policies. It underscores the importance of transparency, accountability, and mechanisms that ensure broader participation in decision-making processes. By acknowledging the influence of elites, it prompts discussions on how to foster inclusive governance and reduce the potential for undue concentration of power.