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Pressure groups, also known as interest groups or lobbying groups, are organizations formed by individuals who share common interests and concerns and seek to influence government policies and decisions. They operate outside of formal political institutions, such as political parties and government bodies, and use various strategies to influence public opinion and government policies, such …

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Democratic regimes are distinguished by several key features, including a government that is elected by the people through free and fair elections, with power being transferred peacefully through the ballot box. Additionally, democratic regimes prioritize individual rights, equality, and the rule of law, with the government being accountable to the people and subject to the …

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A Money Bill is a form of legislation that pertains exclusively to financial matters such as taxation, government spending, borrowing, and other fiscal policies. The definition of a Money Bill and the process for its passage are typically laid out in a country’s constitution. For example, in India and the United Kingdom, only the lower …

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The original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court refers to its inherent authority to hear and adjudicate cases that are brought directly to the Court, without having gone through the lower court system. This jurisdiction is established by the Constitution, which confers upon the Supreme Court the power to hear certain cases involving disputes between states …

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The President of India holds certain legislative powers, though they are limited compared to the Parliament’s authority. One of the primary responsibilities of the President is to summon or prorogue the two Houses of Parliament, and they also have the power to dissolve the Lok Sabha. Another crucial function of the President is to provide …

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Rajya Sabha, also known as the Council of States, is an integral part of the Indian Parliament with distinct powers and functions compared to the lower house, Lok Sabha. The primary role of the Rajya Sabha is to represent the States and Union Territories of India. Its members are elected by the members of the …

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Parliamentary Privileges are a set of special rights and immunities granted to the members of a parliamentary body, to enable them to perform their legislative functions without fear or hindrance. These privileges include the freedom of speech, exemption from arrest in civil cases, exemption from jury duty, and the right to regulate their own affairs. …

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In parliamentary systems of government, the legislative branch, or parliament, holds the executive branch accountable for its actions through various parliamentary devices. These devices are tools that allow parliament to monitor and control the actions of the executive branch, ensuring that it is acting in the best interests of the people. One of the most …

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The Speaker of Lok Sabha holds a vital position in the Indian parliamentary system. Elected by the members of the Lok Sabha, the Speaker presides over the proceedings of the House and is responsible for its smooth functioning. One of the key powers of the Speaker is to maintain order in the House. The Speaker …

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The Basic Structure doctrine is a constitutional principle that has been enshrined in India’s legal framework, which holds that there are certain fundamental features of the Constitution that cannot be amended by the legislature. These features are considered to be the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution, and they are therefore beyond the reach of amendment. …

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